--- Forwarded Message from 15.5 --- From: "Greenwood, Audrey" <[log in to unmask]> Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2011 20:57:00 +0000 Subject: Now available - The Canadian Journal of Linguistics 55 (3), November 2010 To: "[log in to unmask]" <[log in to unmask]> The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique 55(3), November/novembre 2010 is now available at http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/toc/cjl.55.3.html Noun incorporation as symmetry breaking Michael Barrie Abstract:This article proposes a novel account of noun incorporation in Northern Iroquoian. It is proposed that there is no special mechanism for noun incorporation and that this phenomenon falls out naturally from the geometry of the phrase structure under Moro's theory of Dynamic Antisymmetry. In a nutshell, when the verbal head and the nominal head undergoMerge, they form a point of symmetric c-command,which is resolved by the nominal head moving to the specifier of the verb phrase. Further, it is proposed that, in noun incorporation constructions with a full DP double, the incorporated noun and the DP form a constituent, which is merged in theta-position. Resume:Cet article propose une nouvelle description de l'incorporation nominale dans l'iroquoien du Nord. Il est propose qu'il n'y a aucun mecanisme particulier en matiere d'incorporation nominale et que ce phenomene decoule naturellement de la geometrie de la syntaxe selon la theorie de l'Antisymetrie dynamique de Moro. En un mot, la fusion (Merge) des tetes verbale et nominale forme un point de c-commande symetrique qui se voit resoudre par le deplacement de la tete nominale au specifieur du syntagme verbal. De plus, j'avance que le nom incorpore dans les constructions ayant un sd double forme avec celui-ci un constituent qui est fusionne en position thematique. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.barrie.pdf Omission des determinants : Contraintes d'alternances rythmiques ou contraintes liees aux niveaux superieurs de la structure prosodique Roseline Frechette Marie Labelle Resume:Cet article vise a determiner si l'omission des determinants chez des enfants de deux ans est contrainte au niveau du pied ou si elle est contrainte par les differents niveaux de la hierarchie prosodique. Neuf enfants francophones ages de 24 a 31 mois ont participe a une tache de repetition de 54 phrases de quatre ou cinq mots de la forme suivante <<Pronomv sn>> reparties en trois conditions : a) det + nom monosyllabique; b) det + nom bisyllabique; c) det + adjectif monosyllabique + nom monosyllabique. Les resultats demontrent 1) plus d'omission du determinant dans la condition b que dans la condition a; 2) plus d'omission du determinant en c qu'en b. Il est demontre que l'omission du determinant ne s'explique pas par une contrainte d'alternance rythmique de bas niveau et que le niveau de la structure prosodique auquel doit s'attacher le determinant joue un role dans l'omission des determinants. Abstract:This article focuses on whether determiner omission by two-year-old children is constrained at the level of the prosodic foot or whether it is a function of the different levels of the prosodic hierarchy. Nine French-speaking children aged 2;0 to 2;7 were asked to repeat 54 four-or five-word sentences of the form "Pronoun V NP" with three conditions: a) det + monosyllabic noun; b) det + bisyllabic noun; c) det + monosyllabic adjective + monosyllabic noun. The results show 1) more determiner omission in condition b than in a; 2) more determiner omission in c than in b. It is shown that determiner omission is not accounted for by a low-level stress-alternation constraint and that the level of prosodic structure to which the determiner is attached plays a role in determiner omission. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.frechette.pdf Redefining what matters: Syntactic explanation in American linguistics, 1955-1970 Janet Martin-Nielsen Abstract:The postwar decades are well known for having brought dramatic change to American linguistics on many fronts. This paper explores an internally focused aspect of this change: conditions of explanation. The two questions at stake are, firstly, what counts as explanation in linguistics? and, secondly, how is this decided? I argue that transformational grammarians dominated the setting of explanatory criteria in 1960s American syntax, and that this dominance was essential to the overall success of that theory. Importantly, rival grammarians were forced to devote as much time and effort to fitting their theories to the transformational criteria as they were to advancing their own explanatory priorities. By successfully naming the conditions for explanation, transformationalists provided their own supporters with significant questions to pursue and, simultaneously, drew energy away from rivals. This monopoly over explanatory criteria was central to the dominant position transformational grammar established in the American academic linguistics community. Resume:Les decennies de l'apres-guerre ont ete caracterisees par des changements importants dans la linguistique americaine. Cet article explore un aspect interne de ces changements : les conditions d'explication.Deux questions sont en jeu ici : premierement, en quoi consiste l'explication en linguistique? et en deuxieme lieu : Comment decide-t-on en quoi consiste l'explication? Je soutiens que les grammairiens transformationnels ont impose le choix des criteres d'explication de la syntaxe americaine au cours des annees 1960 et que cette domination etait essentielle au succes global de la grammaire transformationnelle. Les grammairiens rivaux ont du consacrer autant de temps et d'effort a adapter leurs theories aux criteres transformationnels qu'a avancer leur propres priorites d'explication. En reussissant a definir les criteres d'explication, les transformationalistes ont nourri leur propres partisans de questions importantes a poursuivre en meme temps qu'ils ont draine les energies de leurs rivaux. Ce monopole des criteres d'explication etait central a la position dominante que la grammaire transformationelle a etablie dans la communaute linguistique universitaire americaine. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.martin-nielsen.pdf Some remarks on subject positions and the architecture of the left periphery in Spanish Bernhard Poll This article reexamines the puzzling issue of where subjects, lexical and null, are located in Spanish and offers a novel explanation for the incompatibility of preverbal lexical subjects with fronted focussed constituents. Both Specip and the left periphery appear to be potential landing sites for subjects, according to discourse-pragmatic factors. Assuming that pro is a clitic, it is argued that the aforementioned incompatibility can be captured by a simple rule: Specip must be empty for focus fronting to occur. This is the case with pro, which adjoins to Infl, or with postverbal subjects since they remain in Specvp. From this analysis it follows that: 1) the subject field in Spanish is less articulated than is generally assumed, 2) the differences between Spanish and other null subject languages with respect to the availability of preverbal subjets can be reduced to this rule and a different ordering of focus and topic phrases, and 3) it is unnecessary to posit two different topic positions. Resume:Cet article examine l'epineuse question de la position preverbale occupee par le sujet lexical en espagnol et offre une nouvelle explication pour la contrainte sur la cooccurrence de sujets lexicaux et de constituants focalises en position preverbale. S'agissant des positions sujet, il apparait que tant le specifieur de si que la peripherie gauche peuvent servir comme cible de mouvement, en fonction de parametres discursifs. En presumant que pro est un clitique, je soutiens qu'il est possible de ramener la contrainte ci-dessus a la regle suivante : le mouvement d'items focalises vers la peripherie gauche requiert que le specifieur de si soit vide. C'est le cas avec pro (attache a la tete de si) et egalement avec les sujets postverbaux. Il s'ensuit que 1) la structure des positions sujet en espagnol est moins complexe qu'on ne l'affirme souvent, 2) les differences entre l'espagnol et d'autres langues a sujet nul quant a la possibilite de sujets preverbaux se reduisent a la regle mentionnee de meme qu'a une structure differente de la peripherie gauche, et 3) il n'est pas necessaire de postuler deux positions differentes pour les topiques. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.poll.pdf The Canadian Shift in Toronto Rebecca Roeder Lidia-Gabriela Jarmasz Abstract:This study provides the first wide-scale, apparent time, instrumental description of the Canadian Shift in mainstream Toronto English. In contrast with some previous findings, the Toronto data suggest that for the last 70 years or more the shift has not affected the high front lax vowel (I). We observe that the movement of the non-high front lax vowels ($E5) and (?) involves both lowering and retraction in Toronto English, although retraction is the primary direction of more recent change and the shift appears to be slowing down. Our findings also suggest that continued retraction of the vowel resulting from the low back merger is involved in the final stage of the shift. We do not find evidence of a chain shift but instead propose that a parallel shift is occurring and make reference to Vowel Dispersion Theory in our discussion. Resume:Cette etude presente la premiere description instrumentale en temps apparent de grande envergure du Canadian Shift dans l'anglais courant de Toronto. En contraste avec certains resultats anterieurs, les donnees de Toronto suggerent qu'au cours des 70 dernieres annees ou plus, cette mutation n'a pas touche la voyelle haute anterieure relachee (I). Nous observons que le mouvement des voyelles anterieures relachees non hautes ($E5) et (?) implique a la fois abaissement et posteriorisation, bien que cette derniere represente la direction principale du changement plus recent; de plus, nous observons que la mutation semble ralentir. Nos resultats suggerent egalement que la posteriorisation continue de la voyelle qui provient de la fusion des voyelles posterieures basses est impliquee dans la derniere etape de la mutation. Ne trouvant aucune preuve de mutation en chaine, nous proposons plutot que le Canadian Shift est unemutation en parallele. Nous invoquons la theorie de la dispersion des voyelles dans notre discussion. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.roeder.pdf Honorific agreement in Japanese Hideki Kishimoto http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.kishimoto.pdf One-replacement and the label-less theory of adjuncts Yosuke Sato http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.sato.pdf Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and second language acquisition (review) Engin Arik http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.arik.pdf The locative syntax of experiencers (review) Marco Nicolis http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.nicolis.pdf L'enfant dans la langue (review) Nelleke Strik http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.strik.pdf Pragmatics and grammar (review) Dorota Zielinska http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/canadian_journal_of_linguistics/v055/55.3.zielinska.pdf The Canadian Journal of Linguistics publishes articles of original research in linguistics in both English and French. The articles deal with linguistic theory, linguistic description of English, French and a variety of other natural languages, phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, first and second language acquisition, and other areas of interest to linguists. For more information, please contact: University of Toronto Press - Journals Division, 5201 Dufferin St., Toronto, ON M3H 5T8 Tel: (416) 667-7810 Fax: (416) 667-7881 email: [log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]> UTP Journals on Facebook http://www.facebook.com/utpjournals Join us for advance notice of tables of contents of forthcoming issues, author and editor commentaries and insights, calls for papers and advice on publishing in our journals. 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